Ganganahar is one of the oldest and most developed multipurpose canal systems not only of Rajasthan but also of India. This canal was taken out from the Sutlej River at Hussainiwala near Firozpur in Punjab by Maharaja Ganga Singh of Bikaner. Its foundation was laid by Maharaja Ganga Singh on September 5, 1921 and after the completion of the construction work, it was formally inaugurated by the then Viceroy Lord Irwin on October 26, 1927. This canal enters Sriganganagar district of Rajasthan from Khakhan village of Punjab. Option A is incorrect because Lord Irwin inaugurated, not laid the foundation stone. Options C and D are incorrect because it was constructed between 1921 and 1927 by Maharaja Ganga Singh.

All four statements related to Ganganahar are completely true. Ganganahar originates from Sutlej river near Firozpur in Punjab and enters Khakhan village of Sriganganagar in Rajasthan. After this, it delivers water to Anupgarh via Shivpur, Sriganganagar, Joravarpur, Padampur, Swaroopshahr. To prevent seepage, water was drawn from Nawala near Sriganganagar and its bed was made concrete with lime and cement, which was a unique engineering work of that time. Lakshminarayan, Lalgarh, Karni and Samija are its main distributaries or branches. Hence, the correct answer is option C (all statements are true).

The area of ​​Sriganganagar and Anupgarh is called the 'Granary of Rajasthan' due to its high agricultural yield and food grain production. Ganganahar and Indira Gandhi Canal Project (IGNP) have a major role in making this dry area green and irrigating the agricultural land. Ganganahar has been irrigating this area since 1927, while later, under the first phase of Indira Gandhi Canal, Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts also got extensive irrigation facilities. Gurgaon and Bharatpur canals belong to Eastern Rajasthan (Bharatpur/Deeg), whereas Yamuna canal and Bisalpur have no connection with this region, hence option B is the correct answer.

The draft of the Indira Gandhi Canal Project was prepared by Rai Bahadur Kanwarsen Gupta, Chief Irrigation Engineer of Bikaner State. In the year 1948, he had presented a historic report named 'Water Requirements for Bikaner State', in which a blueprint was drawn to bring the water of Sutlej and Beas rivers to the Thar desert. For this reason Kanwarsen is considered the 'Father' or 'Vishwakarma' of Indira Gandhi Canal. Its foundation stone was laid by the then Union Home Minister Govind Vallabh Pant on 31 March 1958 and it was inaugurated by Sarvepalli Dr. Radhakrishnan on 11 October 1961. Maharaja Ganga Singh was related to Ganganahar and Nehru ji was related to Bhakra-Nangal.

Statements A and B are true, while C and D are false. This canal, started on 31 March 1958, was named Indira Gandhi Canal on 2 November 1984 in the memory of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. It is taken out from the Harike Barrage built at the Sutlej-Beas confluence in Punjab. Statement C is false because the construction of the main canal has been completed in the second phase only up to Mohangarh village of Jaisalmer (445 km), which is called 'Zero Point' of IGNP; A 165 km sub-branch was proposed from Mohangarh to Gadra Road (Barmer) which is currently extended as Baba Ramdev Sub-branch. Statement D is false because IGNP is a multipurpose project that provides irrigation as well as drinking water to the vast desert population of western Rajasthan.

The Indira Gandhi Canal Project is divided into two main parts: Rajasthan Feeder (Feeder Canal) and the Main Canal. The total length of Rajasthan Feeder is 204 km, out of which 170 km flows in Punjab and Haryana and 34 km lies in Rajasthan (up to Masitawali Head in Hanumangarh district). The water of the feeder canal is not used for irrigation, it only works to transport water to the main canal. The main canal starts ahead of Masitawali Head, whose total length is 445 km (Masitawali to Mohangarh). The total length of the project (feeder + main canal) is 649 kilometers (204 + 445).

All four statements are completely true. In the Thar Desert, the surface on the east or left side is higher than the bottom of the main canal, hence since natural flow (gravity flow) was not possible, lift canals were made by lifting the water through pumps. There are only normal branches on the right side of the main canal (except Rawatsar which is the only branch on the left). Of the total 7 lift canals, Choudhary Kumbharam (Nauhar-Sahwa) is the longest including distributaries, while Kanwarsen is the longest in length of the main lift canal. Veer Tejaji Lift Canal is the smallest which benefits only Bikaner district. Hence the correct answer is option D.

Hanumangarh, Bikaner, Churu and Jhunjhunu districts benefit from Chaudhary Kumbharam Lift Canal (ancient name Nauhar-Sahwa) (A-2). Kanwarsen Lift Canal (ancient name Lunkaransar) is called the lifeline of Bikaner and Sriganganagar and Bikaner benefit from it (B-4). Bikaner and Nagaur districts get drinking water and irrigation from Pannalal Barupal Lift Canal (ancient name Gajner) (C-1). Phalodi and Jaisalmer districts get water from Jayanarayan Vyas Lift Canal (ancient name Pokaran) (D-3). Thus the correct combination is A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.

The lift canals of Indira Gandhi Canal were re-named after famous public leaders and public servants. Lunkaransar Lift Canal renamed as 'Kanwarsen Lift Canal' (A-2). The new name of Gajner Lift Canal is 'Pannalal Barupal Lift Canal' (B-4). The new name of Bangadsar Lift Canal is 'Veer Tejaji Lift Canal' which is the smallest lift canal (C-1). The new name of Kolayat Lift Canal is 'Dr. There is 'Karnisingh Lift Canal' which benefits Bikaner and Phalodi (D-3). Hence the correct code is A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.

The main canal has a total of 9 branches. Their exact order from north to south is as follows: 1. Rawatsar (Hanumangarh - the only left branch), 2. Suratgarh (Sriganganagar), 3. Anupgarh (Sriganganagar/Anupgarh), 4. Poogal (Bikaner), 5. Dator (Bikaner), 6. Birsalpur (Bikaner), 7. Charanwala (Bikaner/Jaisalmer), 8. Shaheed Birbal. (Jaisalmer) and 9. Sagarmal Gopa (Jaisalmer). After this, Baba Ramdev sub-branch emerges from Sagarmal Gopa branch which goes till Gadra Road of Barmer. Hence, all four statements explain the correct geographical sequence from north to south.

A total of 12 districts of north-western Rajasthan benefit from the Indira Gandhi Canal Project. Of these, 6 districts - Hanumangarh, Sriganganagar, Churu, Bikaner, Phalodi and Jaisalmer get the facility of both irrigation and drinking water. Only drinking water is provided to the remaining 6 districts – Nagaur, Barmer, Balotra, Jodhpur, Sikar and Jhunjhunu. Option A represents districts with both irrigation and drinking water, while options C and D include non-command districts. Hence option B is the correct answer.

All four statements reflect the actual scenario in the IGNP Command Area. Villages and hamlets were developed in a grid/rectangular pattern in a planned manner by forming 'Chaks' in the IGNP command area. The canal has increased agricultural development, afforestation, emergence of new commercial cities and fisheries/animal husbandry. But as its negative environmental impact, a serious problem of waterlogging or 'Sem' arose in Baropal, Rawatsar and Bikaner areas of Hanumangarh. 'Indo-Dutch Drainage Project' was run in collaboration with the Netherlands for biological and physical treatment of the bean problem and gypsum is being used to improve the soil and Eucalyptus (Safeda) trees are being planted to absorb water.

Under the Indira Gandhi Main Canal Phase II, it has been constructed with a length of 256 km from Poongal Head to Mohangarh village in Jaisalmer district. This Mohangarh town itself is called 'Zero Point' of IGNP. Although the canal was proposed to be taken up to Gadra Road in Barmer, the main canal ends at Mohangarh and from there water has been taken further up to Gadra Road through 'Baba Ramdev Sub-branch' (165 km). Masitawali head is the end point of the feeder canal and the starting point of the main canal.

All four statements are true. In the first phase, 204 km feeder + 189 km main canal (from Masitawali to Poongal Head) was built which benefited Hanumangarh, Sriganganagar and North Bikaner. Jodhpur was not included in the first phase. In the second phase, the main canal was built from Poongal to Mohangarh (256 km) which led to the development of areas like Jaisalmer, Barmer, Jodhpur etc. Rajiv Gandhi Lift Canal (Jodhpur Lift) became the main source of drinking water for Jodhpur city, Kaylana Lake and Phalodi areas from the main canal.

The administrative and divisional headquarters of Indira Gandhi Canal Board is located in Bikaner district. Although the highest office of Irrigation Department at the state level is in Jaipur, but the main operations of IGNP, Chief Engineer's Office and regional control are executed from the headquarters located in Bikaner.

All four statements accurately present the basic facts of the Chambal Valley Project. This interstate project, started in 1953-54, is a scheme with 50-50% share of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Both the states have half share in the total 386 MW electricity and irrigation water generated under this. The project was completed in three phases: Gandhi Sagar Dam (MP) and Kota Barrage (Rajasthan) in the first phase; Rana Pratap Sagar Dam (Rawatabhata) in the second phase; And in the third phase, Jawahar Sagar Pickup Dam (Kota/Bundi) was constructed. It proved to be very successful in preventing ravine and gully erosion and flood control of Chambal River.

Gandhi Sagar Dam is located near Bhanupura Plateau in Mandsaur district of Madhya Pradesh with a height of 62.17 meters and a capacity of 115 MW (A-2). Kota Barrage is located in Kota city, which is the only dam of Chambal which only provides irrigation by taking out canals and does not generate any electricity (B-4). Rana Pratap Sagar is located near Chulia Falls in Rawatbhata, Chittorgarh; It is the dam with the highest storage capacity in Rajasthan and has the country's second nuclear power plant (C-1) built with the cooperation of Canada. Jawahar Sagar is a pickup dam built on the Kota-Bundi border with a capacity of 99 MW (D-3). Hence the correct code is A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.

Kota Barrage is an exception among the four dams built on the Chambal River. No hydroelectricity is produced from this dam. It has been constructed purely as an 'Irrigation Barrage' for the purpose of irrigation and water supply. Kota, Bundi, Baran of Rajasthan and vast agricultural areas of Madhya Pradesh get irrigation water from the main canals on the right and left side of Kota Barrage. Its catchment (command) area is the largest among all dams.

All four statements related to Rana Pratap Sagar Dam are historically and geographically true. This dam constructed in the second phase is the largest dam of Rajasthan in terms of filling capacity. It is situated near Rawatbhata on Chambal river, where Chulia Falls is formed near the confluence of Banas and Chambal. 'Rajasthan Atomic Power Station' (RAPS), established in 1973 with the cooperation of Canada, uses the reservoir water of this dam as coolant. It has 4 hydroelectric units of 43 MW each, whose total capacity is 172 MW.

Gandhi Sagar Dam was constructed in the first phase (1953–1960) of the Chambal River near Chaurasigarh Fort between the Rampura-Bhanupura plateaus in Bhanupura tehsil of Mandsaur district of Madhya Pradesh. The height of this huge dam is 62.17 meters (about 204 feet). There are 5 units of 23 MW each installed here which generate 115 MW electricity.

All four statements are completely true regarding Mahi Bajaj Sagar Project. According to the inter-state agreement of 1966, the ratio of expenditure and water in Mahi project is 45% in Rajasthan and 55% in Gujarat. But as per the terms of the agreement, only Rajasthan has the right over the entire 140 MW hydropower (100% electricity) generated from this project. Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam built in Borkheda (Banswara) is the longest dam of Rajasthan (3109 meters). 'Kadana Dam' has been built in Panchmahal district of Gujarat which provides irrigation to Gujarat.

Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam is a permanent dam (A-2) constructed in Borkheda (Banswara). Kadana Dam is located in Panchmahal district of Gujarat which irrigates the command area of ​​Gujarat (B-1). Kagdi Pickup Dam is a pickup dam built to create canals due to uneven surface a little below Mahi Bajaj Sagar (C-4). Mahi High Level Canal to Jaisamand Drinking Water Project is a project announced in Budget 2018-19 for supply of pure drinking water in rural areas of Rajsamand, Chittorgarh and Udaipur (D-3). The correct answer code is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.

In Banswara, where the main Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam (Borkheda) is built, the surface around it is extremely hilly and rough, due to which it was not possible to draw irrigation canals directly from the reservoir of the main dam. Only hydroelectric power is produced there. Therefore, to stop that water at a flat place below and divert it into the canals (South Right and Left Canals), 'Kagdi Pickup Dam' was built near Banswara city. It receives water directly from Mahi Bajaj Sagar.

Although Mahi Bajaj Sagar Hydro Project is a joint project (45:55) of Rajasthan and Gujarat, but the entire hydropower (140 MW) generated from it is 100% owned and used by the state of Rajasthan. Gujarat does not get any electricity from this. In contrast, Chambal (50% share with Madhya Pradesh), Vyas (with Punjab and Haryana) and Bhakra Nangal (15.22% share) are inter-state shared power projects.

All four statements are true about the Narmada Canal Project. The tribunal constituted for sharing of Narmada river water gave 0.50 MAF water share to Rajasthan. This water has been brought from Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat to the border of Rajasthan by the 458 km long Narmada Main Canal. This canal entered Seelu village of Sanchore tehsil of Jalore district of Rajasthan on 27 March 2008. Its main length in Rajasthan is 74 km. Jalore (76 villages) and Barmer (villages of Gudhamalani and Dhorimanna tehsil) benefit from this.

Narmada Canal Project is the first and only irrigation project in Rajasthan in which it has been made legally mandatory to do farming only through sprinkler (sprinkler/drip) irrigation system in the entire command area for efficient use of every drop of water. Without installing a sprinkler plant, farmers are not given water connection from the canal. This micro technology of sprinkler and micro micro irrigation is the gift of Israel, due to which huge dry areas (Jalore and Barmer) are being successfully irrigated with less water.

Seelu village is situated in Sanchaur (Jalore) from where the Narmada Canal enters Rajasthan (A-3). 0.50 MAF is the Narmada water allocation of Rajasthan (B-4). Jalore and Barmer are the two main beneficiary districts of Rajasthan where Narmada water has reached (C-1). Drip and sprinkler irrigation system is the contribution of Israel (D-2). Hence the correct code is A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.

All four statements are completely true. Bhakra Nangal is the country's largest project built on the Sutlej river, which is a joint venture of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. According to the 1959 agreement, Rajasthan gets 15.22% share which provides about 227 MW electricity to the state and irrigation in 2.3 lakh hectares of land. Govind Sagar Reservoir built in Himachal Pradesh behind Bhakra Dam is the largest artificial freshwater reservoir. Hanumangarh district of Rajasthan gets maximum irrigation benefits from it, while Sriganganagar, Churu, Sikar, Jhunjhunu and Bikaner get electricity.

The Beas Project is a joint project of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan for sharing of water of Sutlej, Ravi and Beas rivers. Under this, two dams have been built on the Beas River in Himachal Pradesh: 1. Pandoh Dam (Mandi, Himachal Pradesh - from where the Beas-Sutlej Link Canal has been constructed) and 2. Pong Dam (Kangra, Himachal Pradesh). The primary objective of the Pong Dam is to maintain continuous flow of water to the Indira Gandhi Canal Project (IGNP) during winter.

Pong Dam is built on the Vyas River in Kangra (HP) whose main function is to provide water to the IGNP in winter (A-4). Govind Sagar is a huge reservoir built in Himachal Pradesh behind Bhakra Dam (B-1). The Bhakra Agreement of 1959 provides 15.22% stake to Rajasthan (C-2). While inaugurating the Bhakra Nangal Project, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru had called it “the new temple of resurrected India” and “a miraculous colossal thing” (D-3). The correct code is A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3.

All four statements are completely true about the Bisalpur project. Bisalpur Dam is located on the Banas River in Tonk district, which is the largest drinking water project of Rajasthan. From here, cities like Jaipur, Ajmer, Beawar, Tonk etc. and hundreds of villages get pure drinking water through pipelines. It is noteworthy that irrigation water from Bisalpur is given only to the farmers of Tonk district, no other district gets water for irrigation. NABARD's RIDF fund has played a major role in its construction and expansion.

Due to less water in Bisalpur Dam during monsoon, the drinking water crisis in Jaipur and Ajmer deepens. For a permanent solution to this problem, 'Brahmani-Banas Project' was announced in Rajasthan Budget 2018-19. Under this, the excess water of Brahmani river flowing from Chittorgarh and falling into Chambal will be diverted to Banas river through a tunnel and canal, due to which the water will flow through Banas and reach Bisalpur dam.

For the strengthening of Bisalpur Drinking Water and Irrigation Project and its distribution network, financial and technical assistance has been provided from 'Rural Infrastructure Development Fund - RIDF' of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).

All four statements related to the Sidhmukh-Nohar project are historically and technically correct. On October 5, 1989, Rajiv Gandhi laid its foundation stone at Sidhmukh (Bhadra) to bring the excess water received by Rajasthan under the Ravi-Beas Water Agreement of 1981 to the north-eastern arid areas by bringing it parallel to the Bhakra Main Canal. Its financing was funded by grants from the European Economic Community (EEC). Due to this, drought affected areas of Hanumangarh (Nohar, Bhadra) and Churu (Taranagar, Rajgarh/Sadulpur) have got irrigation facility.

Gurgaon Canal (also known as Mewat Canal) has been taken out from the barrage built on Yamuna River at a place called Okhla near Delhi with the consent of Haryana Government and Rajasthan Government. This canal passes through Gurgaon (Gurugram) and Faridabad districts of Haryana and enters Kaman and Nagar tehsils of Deeg and Bharatpur districts of Rajasthan. Therefore, Bharatpur and Deeg districts of Rajasthan benefit from this.

On 17 February 2024, a historic tripartite agreement was signed between the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of Haryana and Government of Rajasthan in New Delhi. Under this, the surplus monsoon water of Yamuna River from Tajewala/Hathnikund Barrage (Haryana) will be brought to Jhunjhunu, Sikar and Churu districts of Rajasthan through pipelines. With this, the dark zone areas of Shekhawati will get drinking water and water for minor irrigation. Water loss through underground pipeline instead of open channel will be zero. Hence all the options are correct.

Som-Kamala-Amba project is located in Kamla-Amba village on Som river in Aspur tehsil of Dungarpur district, which provides irrigation to Dungarpur and Salumber (A-3). Som-Kagdar Project is located on the Som River in Rishabhdev tehsil of Udaipur district (B-1). Mansi Wakal Project is located in the Aravali Hills of Udaipur near Dewas Tunnel which provides 70% drinking water to Udaipur city and 30% water to Hindustan Zinc (C-4). Jakham Project is located on Jakham River at Anuppura village of Pratapgarh (D-2). The correct code is A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.

Parvan mega project is a huge multipurpose scheme of Hadoti region. Irrigation is being provided to 571 villages of Jhalawar, Baran and Kota and drinking water is being provided to 1402 villages by building a dam on the Parvan River in Akavad Kalan (Khanpur) of Jhalawar. Apart from this, Shergarh Sanctuary of Baran also gets water supply from it. Hence all four statements are true.

Bhimsagar Project is located on the Ujaad River in Jhalawar (A-2). Chhapi Project is located on the Chhapi River at Aklera (Jhalawar) (B-1). Gagarin Project is built on the tributaries of Ahu River in Jhalawar (C-4). Pipalad/Pipplaad Drinking Water and Irrigation Project belongs to Jhalawar district (D-3). Hence the correct code is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.

Sawan-Bhado Irrigation Project is located in Kota district (A-2). Takli Medium Irrigation Project is located on Takli river in Ramganjmandi tehsil of Kota district (B-1). Lhasi Irrigation Project is located in Chhabra area of ​​Baran district (C-4). Benthali Minor Irrigation Project is located in Baran district (D-3). Apart from this, Harishchandra, Gopalpura, Alania are located in Kota and Andheri, Hathiadeh, Khiriya are located in Baran district.

Garada Large Drinking Water and Irrigation Project is located on Mangli/Kunjal river in Bundi district (A-2). Chakan Irrigation Project is constructed on Chakan river in Nainwan tehsil of Bundi district (B-1). Kalitir Lept Project is constructed in Sarmathura/Parvati Basin in Dholpur district (C-4). Sardar Samand Medium Irrigation Project (D-3) is a historical project constructed in 1905-1908 on Sukdi river at Sojat in Pali district. The correct code is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.

Bhikhabhai Sagwada Canal has been constructed by creating a unique structure of 'Mahi Siphon' on the Mahi River. Through this canal, extensive irrigation facility is provided in Sagwada, Simalwada and surrounding tribal dominated areas of Dungarpur district. Anandpuri Canal is also another distributary of Mahi River in Banswara/Dungarpur area.

Isarda Irrigation and Drinking Water Project has been constructed on Banas River on the border of Uniyara of Tonk and Solpur of Sawai Madhopur. The main objective of this dam is to provide drinking water to the rural and urban areas of Jaipur, Dausa, Sawai Madhopur and Tonk as a supplement to Bisalpur, as well as to provide irrigation water to the agricultural areas of Sawai Madhopur district.

All four statements are completely true. Jawai Dam (Pali) Sei Dam was built on Sei River in Kotra Tehsil of Udaipur in 1977 to increase water inflow when the water level decreased during the drought in Western Rajasthan. From there, the water of Sei was diverted to Jawai Dam through a 6.7 km long tunnel penetrating the Aravalli mountain range. This is the first water tunnel project of Rajasthan which saved Pali and Sirohi districts of western Rajasthan from water crisis.

Under the Dholpur Lift Irrigation Project, water is being lifted from Chambal river near Sagarpada and sent to tanks and canals for irrigation in Rajkheda and Dholpur rural tehsils of Dholpur district. Anas Dam Project is situated on Anas River (tributary of Mahi) in Banswara district. Hence the correct option is B.

Panchna Dam, located at the confluence of 5 rivers (Ata, Machi, Bhadravati, Bhainsavat, Barkheda) in Karauli district, is the largest earthen dam of Rajasthan which was built with the cooperation of America (A-3). Meja Dam is situated on the Kothari River at Mandalgarh in Bhilwara district, in whose command area 'Green Mount' Park is developed (B-4). Narayan Sagar Dam is situated on the Khari River in Ajmer district which is called the water reservoir/sea of ​​Ajmer district (C-1). Morel Dam is situated on the Morel River on the border of Sawai Madhopur and Dausa (D-2). The correct code is A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.

All four statements are completely true. Bilas is located in Baran, Orai and Gambhiri in Chittorgarh, Garada, Zigzag, Chakan, Gudha and Mej are located in Bundi, and Takli, Alania and Harishchandra Sagar are located in Kota. These are all the important medium/minor irrigation projects of the respective districts which are frequently asked for matching in RPSC examinations.

All four statements are very important and true from current affairs and geographical point of view. On January 28, 2024, an MoU was signed between Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and the Center to integrate Parvati-Kalisindh-Chambal (PKC) and ERCP. In January 2025, it was named 'Ram Jal Setu Link Project' (RSLP). Under this, the number of beneficiary districts of the state has been increased from 13 to 17 (Kota, Bundi, Baran, Jhalawar, Tonk, Sawai Madhopur, Dausa, Karauli, Alwar, Dholpur, Bharatpur, Deeg, Bhartrihari Nagar, Kotputli-Behror, Jaipur, Beawar, Ajmer). An expenditure of about Rs 45,000 crore is proposed in which 90% of the amount will be borne by the Central Government.

5 barrages and 2 dams are proposed under RSLP: 1. Ramgarh Barrage (on Kool river in Kishanganj tehsil of Baran - A-3), 2. Mahalpur Barrage (on Parvati river in Mangrol tehsil of Baran - B-4), 3. Navnera/Nunera Barrage (on Kalisindh river in Digod tehsil of Kota - C-1, which is the first completed barrage with highest filling capacity), 4. Mej Barrage (on Mej River in Bundi), and 5. Rathod Barrage and Dungri Dam (on Banas River in Sawai Madhopur - D-2). Hence the correct code is A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.

'Jivan Dhara Yojana' is being implemented as an independent scheme in Rajasthan since the year 1996-97. Its main objective is to provide 100 percent grant for the construction of small irrigation wells and development of tube wells in the fields of Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST) and freed bonded laborers (small and marginal farmers) living below the poverty line (BPL).

Your scheme is being operated with the cooperation of Germany (KfW) for pure drinking water in Churu, Hanumangarh and Jhunjhunu (A-3). Neeranchal Watershed Project has been implemented with the assistance of World Bank for strengthening of PMKSY watershed components in Jodhpur and Udaipur districts of Rajasthan (B-4). Irrigation Management and Training Institute (IMTI) was established in Kota in August 1984 with the support of USAID organization which provides training to water use and agriculture officers/farmers (C-2). Hydrology and Water Management Institute is established in Bikaner (D-1). The correct code is A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1.

All four statements are completely true from historical, technical and administrative point of view. Heli-borne Geophysical Survey was launched from Jodhpur on 5 October 2021 by the Union Ministry of Jal Shakti in collaboration with CSIR-NGRI for accurate mapping of aquifers in desert dry areas. The country's first Prime Minister Nehru had called huge dams and projects as 'temples of modern India' and 'new pilgrimage'. The Integrated Watershed Program started in 1989 and ran till 2013. In view of the water crisis of Rajasthan, micro irrigation techniques (drip/sprinkler) are being rapidly disseminated in the state.