According to Rajasthan Economic Review 2025-26, a rapid increase in the energy potential of the state has been recorded. As of December 2021, the installed energy capacity in Rajasthan was 23,321 MW, which has increased to 27,283.83 MW by March 2025 and to 31,556.43 MW by December 2025. The maximum contribution of thermal energy in the total energy generation mix of the state is about 60%, followed by wind and solar energy at 45.36%. Apart from this, nuclear energy and biomass also have important contribution. Thus, all four given statements are completely true, hence option D is the correct answer.

Extensive budgetary provisions have been made for the energy sector in the Rajasthan Government's Budget 2025-26. Under this, a provision has been made to provide 150 units of free electricity per month to domestic electricity consumers under the Chief Minister Free Electricity Scheme. Besides, the target of providing more than 6,400 MW additional power generation, 50 thousand new agricultural connections and 5 lakh new domestic connections has been announced in the coming year. Option D is incorrect because there is no budgetary provision for 50 GW energy production through the private sector. Hence the correct answer is option D.

Energy sources are divided into conventional and non-conventional categories on the basis of commercial and natural availability. Traditional energy sources include thermal power (coal, petroleum, natural gas), nuclear/nuclear energy and hydroelectric power. On the other hand, solar energy, wind energy, bio-gas, bio-mass, tidal wave energy and geothermal energy are called non-conventional or renewable sources. Option B is the correct answer as hydroelectric power is a conventional source, while the other three options are examples of non-conventional sources.

Bio-gas has proven to be the most effective and accessible medium to deal with the shortage of traditional fuels and energy crisis in rural Rajasthan. Availability of abundant cattle wealth plays a key role in the smooth operation of bio-gas plants, after which solar energy is the second most useful source. Due to the widespread production of mustard in Rajasthan, mustard husk (toori) and exotic acacia are the main raw materials for bio-mass energy. A new policy was issued on 29 September 2023 to promote bio-mass in the state. Hence, option D is correct since all four statements are true.

Under the Power Pack Scheme, the entire village is electrified by installing solar energy systems in those extremely remote areas of the rural area where there is no possibility of electrification through the traditional electricity grid in the next 4-5 years. Option A 'UDAY Scheme' deals with improving the financial position of DISCOMs. Option C 'Solar City Programme' is being operated in Jaipur, Jodhpur and Ajmer to increase energy efficiency in urban areas. Hence, power pack scheme for remote rural solar electrification is the correct answer (option B).

India's major solar park of 2,245 MW capacity at Bhadla (Baap, Phalodi district) has been developed in four phases. Its first phase (65 MW) and second phase (680 MW) have been developed by Rajasthan Solar Park Development Company, third phase (1,000 MW) has been developed by Solar Energy Company of Rajasthan (Suraj), a joint company of the state government and IL&FS, and fourth phase (500 MW) has been developed by Adani Renewable Energy Park Rajasthan Limited (JVC). Option D is incorrect because Phase IV is not developed by REDA but by Adani JVC.

To exploit the solar energy potential in Rajasthan, solar parks have been established in various districts. Bhadla Solar Park is the first and largest solar park (2,245 MW) of the state located in Phalodi district. Nokh Solar Park is also a 925 MW capacity project in Phalodi district. Gorbia Solar Power Project (435 MW) is inaugurated in July 2025 at Nokha, Bikaner. Fatehgarh Solar Park is located in Jaisalmer district. Hence, the correct match is A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2, which is given in option A.

The state government has partnered with private sector investors and joint ventures (JVCs) for accelerated development of solar energy parks in Rajasthan. Under this, Phalodi-Pokhran (750 MW) is being developed with Essel Group, Fatehgarh Phase-1B (1,500 MW) with Adani Group and Nokh and Poongal Solar Park are being developed by RSDCL. Apart from this, private sector solar project was established by Reliance Industries in Khinvsar, Nagaur. Hence, since all four statements are correct, option D is the correct answer.

The 'Solar City Programme' was launched in February 2008 by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India. Its objective is to increase energy efficiency in cities and to assist municipal corporations in supplying renewable energy. Under this, a master plan has been prepared by selecting three cities of Rajasthan - Jaipur, Jodhpur and Ajmer as 'Solar Cities'. Udaipur or Jaisalmer are not part of this programme. Hence option C (Jaipur, Jodhpur, Ajmer) is the correct answer.

The solar power project established at Mathania, Jodhpur is a Solar Combined Cycle project. Naptha and natural gas are mainly used as fuel in this. In the total capacity of this plant, provision was made to generate 35 MW electricity from solar energy, 70 MW electricity from natural gas and 35 MW electricity from gas turbine steam. Because it was not dependent only on solar energy, it was called a mixed fuel project. Hence option C is the correct answer.

In view of the abundant potential of solar energy in Rajasthan, small and big solar power plants have been established in various districts. Agoria Solar Power Plant is located in Barmer district, Dhunia and Nadia Kalan plants in Jodhpur/Sikar area, Gaurir Solar Power Plant in Jhunjhunu district and Khinvsar Solar Plant in Nagaur district. Hence, the correct match is A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1, which is given in option A.

The Thar Desert of western Rajasthan experiences an average of 325-330 days of intense sunshine in a year. Due to the highest intensity of solar radiation, the area of ​​Jodhpur, Barmer and Jaisalmer districts has been declared as 'Solar Energy Enterprise Zone' (SEEZ). After the reorganization of new districts, now Phalodi and Balotra districts are also considered automatically included in it. Hence option B (Jodhpur-Barmer-Jaisalmer) is the correct answer.

Due to its geographical suitability and operation of large solar parks, Rajasthan has become the leading state of the country in solar energy production. As of August 31, 2021, Rajasthan has reached the first position in the country, leaving behind Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, in which only Rajasthan state contributes about 27 percent of the total national solar energy production. Hence the correct answer is option B.

REDA was established in 1985 for the planned development of non-conventional energy sources in Rajasthan. Later, to speed up the implementation of power projects in the state, REDA and Rajasthan State Power Corporation Ltd. RRECL was established on 9 August 2002 by integration of (RSPCL). This public corporation is the nodal institution for renewable energy in the state. Apart from this, Rajasthan became the first state to implement the National Biofuel Policy in 2018. Option D is correct since all four statements are true.

To increase the efficiency of the power sector in the state and reduce losses, RSEB was divided into five separate government companies on July 19, 2000 under the 'Rajasthan Power Sector Reforms Transfer Scheme, 2000'. These include one generation company (RVUNL), one transmission company (RVPNL) and three distribution companies or discoms (Jaipur, Ajmer and Jodhpur discoms). Hence option C (of five companies) is the correct answer.

Of the five companies formed after the bifurcation of RSEB, the headquarters of three companies are located in Jaipur: 1. Rajasthan State Electricity Generation Corporation Ltd. (RVUNL), 2. Rajasthan State Electricity Transmission Corporation Ltd. (RVPNL), and 3. Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. (JVVNL). Ajmer Discom (AVVNL) is headquartered in Ajmer and Jodhpur Discom (JdVVNL) is headquartered in Jodhpur. Hence option C is the correct answer.

RUVNL was formed in the year 2015 under the Companies Act 2013, the main objective of which was to integrate the buying and selling of electricity (Power Trading) for all the three distribution companies (Jaipur, Ajmer, Jodhpur Discoms) on a single platform. Option C is incorrect because RUVNL is not a 'holding company' of power companies but functions only as a power trading company. Hence option C is the correct answer.

Rawatbhata Atomic Power Plant is the first nuclear station in Rajasthan and the second nuclear station in India. It was established with technical assistance from Canada where commercial production began in December 1973. This is the first plant based on Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) technology in India. At present, 6 units of 1,180 MW are in operation and the construction work of 7th and 8th units of 700-700 MW is in progress. Hence, option D is correct since all four statements are true.

In September 2025, the foundation stone of Rajasthan's second nuclear power plant 'Mahi-Banswara Project' was laid by the Prime Minister. This plant is being built in Napla village of Banswara, which has a capacity of 2800 MW. It will have 4 indigenous Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) of 700-700 MW each. It is part of the 'Fleet Mode' program of the Central Government and will be operated by 'Ashwini', a joint venture company of NPCIL and NTPC. Hence, all four statements are true (option D).

Mahi project is a joint project of Rajasthan and Gujarat in which water sharing is 45:55, but only Rajasthan gets the entire 140 MW electricity generated from it. Rana Pratap Sagar Hydroelectric Power House is located in Rawatbhata (Chittorgarh), not in Kota. Option B is completely true that Rajasthan gets 140 MW electricity from the two power houses of Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam. Hence the correct answer is option B.

Among thermal power plants, plants with total capacity more than 1000 MW are called 'Super Thermal', which include Suratgarh, Kota, Kawai, Bhadres, Chhabra and Kalisindh. Suratgarh is the first super thermal plant of the state which is also called the 'pilgrimage of modern development'. Plants with single units of 500 MW or more are called 'super critical', which include Kawai (660 MW), Kalisindh (600 MW), Chhabra (660 MW) and Suratgarh (660 MW). Hence all four statements are true.

Suratgarh Thermal Power Project located in Thukrana village of Sriganganagar is the largest power project in Rajasthan. Here, 6 units of 250-250 MW (1500 MW) and 2 super critical units of 660-660 MW (1320 MW) together produce 2,820 MW of electricity, which is the highest in the state. The capacity of Kota is 1240 MW and the capacity of Chhabra is 2320 MW. Hence the correct answer is option B.

Kawai Thermal Power Plant has been established by Adani Group in Baran district. Kalisindh Super Thermal Plant is located in Jhalawar district. Giral Lignite Thermal Project is based on German Technology (KLF) at Thumbali village (Shiv Tehsil, Barmer). Bhadesar and Jalipa-Kapuradi thermal projects are based on lignite coal in Barmer district. Hence, the correctly matched answer is A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 (option A).

In Rajasthan, huge reserves of lignite coal are found mainly in Barmer (Kapurri, Jalipa, Giral, Bhadres) and Bikaner (Palana, Barsinghsar, Gudha, Beethnok) districts. The state's first lignite gasification plant was set up in Giral with German collaboration. A 250 MW capacity plant is being run by Neyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) in Barsinghsar. Hence, all the four given statements are true (option D).

The first private sector super thermal power plant in Rajasthan was established by Adani Group on May 28, 2013 in Kawai village of Baran district. The total capacity of this plant is 1320 MW (two supercritical units of 660-660 MW). Giral Lignite Plant is situated in Thumbali Barmer. Hence, the correct answer is option B (Kawai, Baran).

RVUNL is a state government owned power generation company. Under this, power stations like Suratgarh, Kota, Chhabra, Kalisindh, Dholpur Gas and Giral Lignite are operated. Angucha (Bhilwara) or Adani Kawai Power Station (Private Sector) given in option D is not owned by RVUNL. Hence option D is the correct answer.

Among the gas based power plants in the state, Anta (Baran) is the first central sector gas plant operated by NTPC (in which the state's share is 19.81%). The state government has its first gas project in Ramgarh (Jaisalmer) started in 1996, which receives gas produced by ONGC from Manihari Tibba and Tanot through GAIL pipeline. Dholpur Combined Cycle Project is the second gas project of the state located on the banks of Chambal. Hence all the statements are true.

In July 2025, the Rajasthan Cabinet approved a 50-50% joint venture (JV) company between GAIL (India) and RVUNL. Under this, the existing gas power plants of Dholpur (330 MW) and Ramgarh (270.5 MW) will be transferred to this company. Apart from this, this JV company will establish 750 MW solar energy and 250 MW wind energy projects. Option D is false because it will not only install thermal but also 1000 MW of renewable energy projects.

An important MoU was signed between Singareni Collieries Company (SCCL) of Telangana and RVUNL of Rajasthan in March 2025. Under this, a thermal power plant of 1600 MW capacity will be set up in Rajasthan (out of which 1000 MW power will be given to Telangana and 600 MW to Rajasthan). Besides, a 1500 MW solar park will also be established in the state. Hence the correct answer is option A.

Seeing the immense potential of wind energy in Rajasthan, the first wind power house of the state was established in Amarsagar (Jaisalmer) in 1999. After this, the second plant was established in Deogarh (Pratapgarh) and the third plant was established in Beethadi (Phalodi). The first private sector wind project was set up by M/s Kalani Industries at Badabagh (Jaisalmer). NALCO commissioned a 47.6 MW wind plant at Ludarwa (Jaisalmer) in 2014. Hence all four statements are true.

India's first wind-solar hybrid power plant was commissioned in Jaisalmer in May 2022 by Adani Hybrid Energy Jaisalmer One Limited (a subsidiary of AGEL). The capacity of this plant is 390 MW. In a hybrid project, continuous energy production is achieved by installing both solar panels and wind turbines at the same location. Hence, the correct answer is option B (Jaisalmer).

'Green Energy Corridor' project is being run from 2015-16 to smoothly integrate the electricity generated from renewable energy (solar and wind) into the national grid. In Rajasthan, this corridor passes through a total of 5 districts – Bikaner, Nagaur, Ajmer, Chittorgarh and Jodhpur. Hence, the correct answer is option B (from 5 districts).

Rajasthan State Mines and Minerals Ltd. in Rajasthan. (RSMML) has wind plants in Badabagh, Pohra and Barmsar. ONGC's largest wind plant is in Mullana (Jaisalmer). The first and second commercial wind farms were established by RRECL in Jaisalmer and Akal. Harshnath (Sikar), Khodal (Barmer) and Dhamtar (Pratapgarh) are prominent among the 26 sites identified by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology. Hence the correct match is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 (option A).

PM Kusum Yojana was approved in 2019 for farmers to install solar pumps and grid-connected solar plants. Under Component-A, plants of 0.5 to 2 MW capacity are set up, the first plant of which in the country was started by RRECL at Bhaloji (Jaipur/Kotputli). 60% subsidy is payable on off-grid pumps in Component-B. Component-C consists of solarization of grid-connected pumps up to 7.5 HP. Since all four statements are true, the correct answer is option D.

PM Surya Ghar Free Electricity Scheme launched on 13 February 2024. Under this, the target is to provide up to 300 units of free electricity per month to 1 crore families. Solar rooftops are being installed on 5 lakh houses in Rajasthan. A maximum subsidy of ₹78,000 is given on solar plants up to 3kW. The entire process is 100% online through the National Portal. Hence, all four statements are true (option D).

The main objective of 'Ujjwal Discom Assurance Yojana' (UDAY - UDAY) is to reduce the huge financial losses of power distribution companies (DISCOMs), provide them financial stability and implement power reforms. For this, a triangular Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the Government of India, the Government of Rajasthan and the three DISCOMs on January 27, 2016. Hence option A (UDAY Yojana) is the correct answer.

Rajasthan has been the leading state of the country in the field of biofuels. Rajasthan became the first state in the country to implement the Central Government's National Biofuel Policy 2018. Subsequently, state biofuel rules were implemented on 9 August 2019. On September 29, 2023, 'Biomass and Waste to Energy Policy 2023' was released for generating electricity from biomass waste. Hence, all the above statements (option D) are true.

'Energy Conservation Day' is celebrated every year on 14 December to spread awareness about saving energy and its judicious use. 'Rajiv Gandhi Renewable Energy Day' is celebrated on 20th August and 'World Earth Hour Day' is celebrated on the last Saturday of March. World Earth Day is celebrated on 22 April. Hence, the correct answer for Energy Conservation Day is option B (14 December).

The major centers of various energy resources in Rajasthan are as follows: The largest center of thermal energy is Suratgarh (Sriganganagar). The first solar power park is located at Bhadla (Phalodi). The state's first natural gas based project is in Ramgarh (Jaisalmer) and the first nuclear power center is in Rawatbhata (Chittorgarh). Hence, the correct answer is A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1, which is given in option A.

According to MNRE, the potential capacity of solar energy in Rajasthan has been estimated at 142 gigawatt (GW) and the potential capacity of wind energy has been estimated at 127 GW. At present, thermal energy has the largest share in the installed energy mix of the state at about 60%, followed by the combined contribution of solar and wind energy at 45.36%. Statement A is incorrect because the solar capacity is 142 GW, not 284 GW. Hence, the correct answer is option C (only B, C and D).